Apart from certain specific conditions, TMJ surgery options are generally only offered after course of non-surgical therapy has been completed that is normally instituted by a physician or dentist.
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The normal protocols once a patient is deemed a surgical candidate is to begin with a minimally invasive procedure such as arthroscopy. This is the gold standard for diagnosis for any joint and often provides the necessary information to guide a second stage procedure. Furthermore, it is most often therapeutic providing the majority of patients with an element of functional improvement and pain relief.
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Obviously, this protocol does not apply to all and the option of surgical management can be discussed in detail at your consultation.